Can I apply to other universities for next fall after the first semester at a university?

Recently, one of papers from my undergraduate and one from masters finally got accepted in the most prestigious journals after very long review processes. I want to re-apply to the universities I got rejected from as they fit my research better.

Are you a doctoral candidate? Make sure the application is put together in a compelling way that convinces the university why you are a good fit. It will require you to expand (relevance, quality, fit) on the papers that got accepted.